Table of Contents
- 1 What contain a base a five carbon sugar and a phosphate group?
- 2 What binds a phosphate group and a 5-carbon sugar together?
- 3 What chemical group is usually found on the 3 end?
- 4 Does sugar have phosphorus?
- 5 How is the structure of sugar related to its structure?
- 6 How are three phosphate groups attached to adenosine triphosphate?
What contain a base a five carbon sugar and a phosphate group?
nucleotides
The DNA molecule is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group.
What binds a phosphate group and a 5-carbon sugar together?
The phosphate group attached to the 5′ carbon of the sugar on one nucleotide forms an ester bond with the free hydroxyl on the 3′ carbon of the next nucleotide.
Do nucleic acids include a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group?
Nucleic acids are polynucleotides—that is, long chainlike molecules composed of a series of nearly identical building blocks called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, which is in turn attached to a phosphate group.
What contains a sugar and a phosphate group?
A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base.
What chemical group is usually found on the 3 end?
Like a polypeptide, a nucleic acid strand has an end-to-end chemical orientation: the 5′ end has a free hydroxyl or phosphate group on the 5′ carbon of its terminal sugar; the 3′ end has a free hydroxyl group on the 3′ carbon of its terminal sugar (Figure 4-3).
Does sugar have phosphorus?
Each level has a colored edge (from green to red) that corresponds to recommended intake frequency. At the base of the pyramid, the first level (green edge) contains foods with very low phosphorus content (i.e., sugar, olive oil, protein-free foods) or very low bio-available phosphorus (i.e., fruit and vegetables).
Why is DNA 3 to 5?
Each end of DNA molecule has a number. One end is referred to as 5′ (five prime) and the other end is referred to as 3′ (three prime). The 5′ and 3′ designations refer to the number of carbon atom in a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which a phosphate group bonds.
Where are the sugars and phosphates found in nucleic acids?
Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (purine or pyrimidine), a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. All nucleotides contain a 5-carbon sugar (pentose); the pentose ribose is found in RNA while deoxyribose is found in DNA. Sugars and phosphates in nucleic acids are connected to each other in an alternating chain.
The sugar, with its exposed oxygen, can bond with the phosphate group of the next molecule. They then form a bond, which becomes the sugar-phosphate backbone. This structure adds rigidity to the structure, as the covalent bonds they form are much stronger than the hydrogen bonds between the two strands.
How are three phosphate groups attached to adenosine triphosphate?
Adenosine triphosphate, as discussed earlier, uses the nucleotide adenine as a base. From there, three phosphate groups can be attached. This allows a great deal of energy to be stored in the bonds. For the same reason that the sugar-phosphate backbone is so strong, the bonds in ATP are as well.
How are phosphoric acid molecules related to each other?
In phosphodiester bonds, one phosphoric acid molecule forms bonds with the 3′ carbon of one pentose molecule and 5′ carbon of a second pentose molecule. Compare and contrast various characteristics of DNA and RNA. Nucleic acids are the genetic material for all living cells. They play numerous important roles within the cell.